Saturday, May 16, 2009

Evidence for School Uniform Policies in US Seen as Weak

A news report on school uniform studies published by VOA.com by Nancy Steinbach. http//www.voanews.com/specialenglish/archive/2007-07/2007-07-18-voa1.cfm?CFID=202449894&CFTOKEN=83748205&jsessionid=de308ee28aa2fb7b4c7a61155119181164b1

1 comment:

  1. Though these are not my own thoughts I agree with them. I found this on a yahoo group

    http://groups.yahoo.com/group/woodburnschooluniform/message/3 check it out

    Many people oppose school uniforms because they claim that it stifles
    creativity and individualism. I however, mainly oppose school
    uniforms because uniforms reek of subtle racism. If you examine the
    last twenty years of the history of public school uniforms, most of
    the early adopters were in predominately African-American schools.
    What the schools were really trying to quash was the urban hip-hop
    style of dress. Sure discipline and academic success went up in these
    schools, but the uniforms were used in conjunction with other major
    changes in school policy to help turn the school around.

    Beyond a policy that I believe stems from racism here are some other
    things you might consider which have nothing to do with race.

    The argument that majority-rule trumps freedom-of-choice is so often
    bandied about that we often forget how poor a guide majority-rule is.
    Let's say that a good, honest, and scientific poll (the kind we
    rarely see in public policy debates) showed that 55 percent of
    students would be fine with school uniforms, is that a good
    justification for implementing them? Of course not, simple majority
    rule is about the crudest yardstick imaginable and certainly not
    something to hang policy on. The chances are good that those 55
    percent of students aren't greatly affected by the dress code, they
    dress like that anyway. All the poll is saying is "55 percent of the
    students wouldn't mind if the other 45 percent of students are forced
    to dress like them", is that any kind of justification? Additionally,
    polls can be deliberately skewed, in my poll example are the 55
    percent actually in favor of a dress code or are they just not opposed
    to it? There is a huge difference.

    The main reason that such a poll is useless is because majority rule
    is tragically flawed, it doesn't account for the strength of a
    person's convictions. Let's say we took a poll to decide if we should
    have a national religion and 98 percent said that they wanted to be
    Catholics, should we ignore the (presumably) vehement opposition of
    the 2 percent and make Catholicism the national religion because,
    "hey, majority rules"? No, it would be silly to, nor should we let
    the, in all likelihood mild, preference of a slight majority outweigh
    the strong preference of the minority. How do I know that the
    preference of the majority is probably mild? Because it seems very
    unlikely that many students have strong feelings about forcing their
    peers to dress like them. Why do I think that the minority feels
    strongly against a dress code? Actually, probably most of them don't,
    certainly not the full 45 percent used in the example, but the simple
    reality is that it takes a strong conviction to dress differently from
    your peers. Dressing Emo, hip-hop, punk, or goth in a school full of
    oxfords isn't easy and anyone doing so must really want to dress that way.

    Many schools have what they call "choice" which really isn't choice at
    all. They say something like "You can wear 5 different colors of
    oxfords, three different pants, girls can wear navy skirts." Is that
    really a choice at all? It sounds like what the fascist Henry Ford
    once said "Any color you want, as long as it's black", only now its
    "Dress any way you want as long as it looks like The Gap." They don't
    really give you any options, you must select from a very limited menu
    of approved "choices".

    Another crazy argument in favor of school uniforms is the supposed
    saving and reduced peer pressure on kids now that they don't have to
    spend money on the latest fashions. On the financial side it usually
    goes something like this: If children didn't demand going to
    department stores, and wearing name brand clothing, which costs
    hundreds of dollars, then they could go instead to Wal-Mart and buy $8
    shirts and pants and save those hundreds of dollars.

    There are two problems with this argument. First, the hottest place
    to buy clothes currently is at Steve and Barry's whose prices make
    Wal-Mart look expensive and traditionally a lot of people dressing out
    of the mainstream shop outside the mainstream, goodwill, flea markets,
    outlet stores, etc. Given this shopping propensity it could be argued
    that a dress code is just as likely to drive costs up as it is to
    drive costs down.

    Second, and more importantly, the purported savings on clothes are
    false. Unless the student is currently dressing within the dress code
    he or she is forced to by new clothes. Even at $12.50 per item you
    are looking at $25 per two piece outfit and figuring at least one
    outfit for every day of the school week you are looking at $125. And
    that's a very conservative number, chances are most students would by
    at least twice those amounts to avoid the "It must be Tuesday because
    Todd is wearing his blue oxford and khaki pants" syndrome. If you
    start talking about seasonal wear add a few hundred more to the $250
    you already spent on two weeks of clothing, so maybe $350 - 450 minimum.

    Now, maybe your thinking, "hey, what's the big deal, the students have
    to buy cloths anyway so it doesn't really cost anything extra", but
    you'd be wrong. Implicit in the idea behind a dress code is that the
    students don't already dress this way (hence the need for a dress
    code) and also that the students won't chose to dress this way outside
    of school (see above plus simple logic). So really we're talking
    about a complete second wardrobe just for school use, not exactly a
    savings by any measure.

    Unfortunately, the true cost is even higher, without a dress code
    students can amortize the costs of clothes not only during the school
    day, but all day and the weekend.
    For example the typical school day is a little over 7 hours, five days
    a week, so approximately 40 hours of school clothes use per week
    factoring in transit time. Figuring in an 8:00 bedtime there are 20
    non-school hours during the week, getting up at 9:00 and going to bed
    at 8:00 on weekends adds another 22 hours. Therefore without a dress
    code clothes are amortized over roughly twice the amount of time,
    meaning that the true cost of the dress code cloths is twice as high
    ($700 in this example), You could argue that some costs aren't
    captured in this scenario, like "With students wearing dress code
    clothes half the time, their regular cloth will last twice as long"
    But since most of the wear and tear on clothes is actually in the
    laundering, and the fact that under either premise the clothes have to
    be laundered the same amount, this probably isn't significant. Also,
    if one wanted to be picky and capture all of the costs of a dress code
    or lack of dress code, I think that twice as much laundry under a
    dress code would be a pretty significant factor, especially to the
    person doing the laundry.

    As for dress codes reducing peer pressure and ridicule, all it does is
    move it around. Unless the dress code states that not only must the
    shirt be a certain color but it must be purchased in a specific place
    there really isn't any reduction in peer pressure. The rich kids can
    still make fun of the poor kids because the rich kids are wearing $70
    department store polo shirts and the poor kids are wearing $7 Wal-mart
    polo shirts. For a dress code to truly work everyone must be on the
    same playing field. "Only Wal-mart clothing" should be the rational
    dress code supporters mantra.

    One last question to ask is where do we want to stop? If there is
    really a benefit to the conformity of school uniforms why not regulate
    hair style? How about buzz cuts for boys and shoulder length hair for
    girls, no longer, no shorter. This will blur the socio-economic line
    between those students whose parents can pay for a salon cut and those
    who parents have to give their children a "bowl" cut. Everyone would
    be the same, no ridicule for having their hair styled or not styled.
    Of course everyone should have there hair cut at the same place, just
    to be fair. It all seems like a very slippery slope.

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